A 5 tonne wire rope hoist weighs 428 kilograms and a 5 tonne chain hoist weighs 209. The hoist is also the only part of an overhead crane designed to be thrown away: ten years against 25 to 50 for the bridge. Here is the mass data, the material split, the spare parts schedule nobody quotes, and the customs rule that puts the bolts in scope while the rope and the chain walk through.
A 5 tonne wire rope hoist weighs about 428 kilograms. A 5 tonne chain hoist with its trolley weighs 209. Same duty, same capacity, twice the steel in one of them. Nobody puts that number on a quotation, and almost nobody asks for it.
But the weight is not the interesting part. The interesting part is that the hoist is the only component on an overhead crane that is designed to be thrown away. The bridge is built for 25 to 50 years. The hoist group is calculated on a 10 year basis. So a crane with a 30 year life buys two replacement hoists before the structure is finished, and buys a new rope every 12 to 24 months on top of that.
I went through this properly for a customer in Thailand who was replacing the third hoist on a bridge installed in 1994. The bridge is fine. The runway is fine. He has bought the lifting machine three times and the structure once, and the maintenance file says the rope has been changed eleven times. That is where the carbon is. Not in the frame, not in the coating, not in the anodising argument two suppliers were having.
Below is the mass data by type and capacity, the material split behind the carbon factor, the consumables schedule nobody quotes, and the customs question that surprises almost every buyer: the two parts that actually hold the load are the two Chapter 73 headings that CBAM skips.
Mass data first, because everything else is derived from it. The numbers below come from published catalogue tables for standard hook-type units at 4 metres of lift, and for single and double girder units at 6 to 18 metres. Trolley-type totals include the trolley.
| Type | Capacity | Mass (kg) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electric chain, hook type | 0.5 t | 30 (45 with trolley) | 4 m lift, 0.75 kg/m extra chain |
| Electric chain, hook type | 1 t | 54 (85 with trolley) | 1.06 kg/m extra chain |
| Electric chain, hook type | 2 t | 62 to 105 (98 to 135 with trolley) | Two body sizes in the same series |
| Electric chain, hook type | 3 t | 110 to 128 (159 to 163 with trolley) | 2.65 to 4.30 kg/m extra chain |
| Electric chain, hook type | 5 t | 135 (209 with trolley) | 5.2 kg/m extra chain |
| Electric chain, hook type | 7.5 t | 175 (252 with trolley) | 7.8 kg/m extra chain |
| Wire rope, single girder | 3.2 t | 290 to 358 | 6 to 18 m lift |
| Wire rope, single girder | 5 t | 380 to 475 | 430 to 500 kg at 10 to 30 m in other catalogues |
| Wire rope, single girder | 10 t | 690 to 849 | Includes 4/1 and 4/2 reeving variants |
| Wire rope, double girder | 3.2 t | 748 to 828 | Standard gauge, single hook |
| Wire rope, double girder | 5 t | 822 to 910 | Twin hook versions start at 1,430 |
| Wire rope, double girder | 10 t | 1,133 to 1,280 | 4/1 and 4/2 rope falls |
Normalise by capacity and the pattern gets clearer. A 5 tonne chain hoist carries 42 kilograms per tonne of lifting capacity. A 5 tonne single girder wire rope hoist carries 86. A 5 tonne double girder unit carries 173. The double girder number is not a design fault: that hoist has to span between two beams, so it brings its own frame, and it is built for a heavier duty class by default.
| Capacity | Chain hoist kg/t | WR single girder kg/t | WR double girder kg/t |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.5 t | 90 | not offered | not offered |
| 1 t | 85 | not offered | not offered |
| 2 t | 53 | not offered | not offered |
| 3 t | 54 | 101 | 234 |
| 5 t | 42 | 86 | 173 |
| 7.5 t | 34 | not offered | 180 at 12.5 t is 100 |
| 10 t | not offered | 77 | 121 |
Mass is only the start, because a hoist is not all steel. The frame, drum, chain and rope are steel. The gearbox and brake drum are usually cast iron. The motor contributes copper windings and an aluminium frame, and the pendant cable is more copper. Copper is the awkward one: it carries roughly 4 kilograms of CO2e per kilogram against 2.34 for basic oxygen steel, so 8 percent of the mass becomes 12 percent of the carbon.
| Material | Share of mass | kg CO2e per kg | Contribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Steel, basic oxygen route | 78% | 2.34 | 1.825 |
| Cast iron | 8% | 2.00 | 0.160 |
| Copper | 8% | 4.00 | 0.320 |
| Aluminium | 3% | 8.20 | 0.246 |
| Plastics and rubber | 3% | 2.50 | 0.075 |
| Blended, basic oxygen steel | 100% | 2.63 | 2.63 |
| Blended, scrap EAF steel | 100% | 1.34 | 1.34 |
Where the steel figures come from: the World Steel Association sustainability indicators report published 2025 on 2024 data gives 2.34 tonnes of CO2 per tonne of crude steel for the blast furnace route, 0.69 for scrap based electric arc, 1.47 for DRI based electric arc, and 1.92 as the global average. Those are the numbers I use throughout.
| Hoist | Mass (kg) | t CO2e, BF-BOF steel | t CO2e, EAF steel |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.5 t chain, hook type | 45 | 0.12 | 0.06 |
| 1 t chain, hook type | 85 | 0.22 | 0.11 |
| 2 t chain, hook type | 106 | 0.28 | 0.14 |
| 5 t chain, with trolley | 209 | 0.55 | 0.28 |
| 7.5 t chain, with trolley | 252 | 0.66 | 0.34 |
| 5 t wire rope, single girder | 428 | 1.13 | 0.57 |
| 10 t wire rope, single girder | 770 | 2.03 | 1.03 |
| 5 t wire rope, double girder | 866 | 2.28 | 1.16 |
| 10 t wire rope, double girder | 1,207 | 3.17 | 1.62 |
The material split, the blended factors and the copper and aluminium unit values are our own planning figures, not a published statistic. Treat them as a template: swap in your supplier's actual material declaration and the arithmetic holds.
Because a chain hoist has no drum. The load chain runs over a sprocket and drops into a bag or a chain container, so the machine only has to be as tall as the sprocket plus the gearbox. A wire rope hoist needs a grooved drum with several dead wraps, a rope guide, a sheave block, and a frame long enough to hold all of that. The rope also needs four falls to make 5 tonnes, which means roughly four times the lift height in rope length plus the dead wraps.
So the two machines differ in a way that shows up twice: once in what you buy, and once in what you keep buying.
| Item, 5 t at 6 m lift | Chain hoist | Wire rope hoist |
|---|---|---|
| Lifting medium mass per metre | 5.2 kg/m load chain | 0.691 kg/m for 13 mm 6x36 IWRC |
| Length in service | 14 m (2 falls plus dead length) | 29 m (4 falls plus dead wraps and drum) |
| Mass of the lifting medium | 73 kg | 20 kg |
| Share of the complete machine | 35% | 5% |
| Carbon in the lifting medium | 0.17 t CO2e | 0.05 t CO2e |
| Complete machine | 209 kg, 0.55 t CO2e | 428 kg, 1.13 t CO2e |
One number in that table is the reason chain hoists are misunderstood. The chain is a third of the machine's mass. When you buy a 5 tonne chain hoist, a third of what arrives is consumable. With the wire rope version, the consumable is 5 percent and the steel is all structure. That flips the maintenance carbon, and I will get to it.
The chain. Every hoist catalogue says so and the maintenance files agree, with one important qualification: chain hoists lose their advantage above about 6 metres of lift. The chain has to be guided, it whips at speed, and the chain container grows into the headroom you were trying to save. That is why chain dominates under 5 tonnes and short lifts, and wire rope dominates at 10 tonnes and above, at high lift heights, and in the severe duty classes. If your process needs 12 metres of lift at 5 tonnes, the rope hoist is the correct machine and the extra 219 kilograms is the price of doing the job.
Both media have a defined end of life. For rope, ISO 4309:2017 sets the care, inspection and discard regime: a visual check of the working section each shift, a detailed inspection at defined intervals, and a thorough examination at no more than 12 months. In practice on an A5 or A6 crane, a hoist rope lasts 12 to 24 months. On A7 and A8 it is 6 to 12. The discard decision is made on broken wires counted over a lay length, diameter reduction, corrosion, and deformation, and the numbers depend on the rope construction, so the manual is the authority rather than a rule of thumb.
For chain, the wear measure is elongation. A common workshop rule is to measure across 11 links and discard the chain when the measurement exceeds the original by about 2 percent, because a worn chain does not sit properly in the pocket of the sprocket and starts loading the wrong part of the link. Hook throat opening and twist get the same treatment, typically 10 percent as the limit. Grade matters too: EN 818-7 DAT and DT chain is what a hoist should be built with.
This is the part of the calculation that never appears in a tender document, and it is larger than people expect. Take a 5 tonne single girder crane on A5 duty, 2,000 running hours a year, and follow it for 20 years.
| Replaced item | Interval | Changes in 20 years | Mass over 20 years | t CO2e |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wire rope set, 29 m | 18 months | 13 | 260 kg | 0.61 |
| Brake lining set | 2 years | 10 | 15 kg | 0.04 |
| Hook and block assembly | 10 years | 2 | 64 kg | 0.15 |
| Pendant and control cable | 8 years | 2.5 | 12 kg | 0.05 |
| Trolley wheels and rollers | 6 years | 3.3 | 79 kg | 0.19 |
| Total, wire rope machine | 430 kg | 1.04 | ||
| Load chain set, 14 m | 7 years | 3 | 219 kg | 0.51 |
| Total, chain machine | 413 kg | 0.99 |
So over 20 years you buy back almost the entire weight of the hoist in spare parts. 430 kilograms of consumables against a 428 kilogram machine. The wire rope machine consumes 1.04 tonnes of CO2e in replacement parts against 1.13 tonnes embodied in the machine itself, and the chain machine is very close to the same figure because its chain is replaced three times rather than once.
That last sentence matters, because it kills a comfortable assumption. The chain hoist is twice as light at delivery, but it is not twice as light over its life. Its 20 year total is 0.55 plus 0.99, or 1.54 tonnes, against 1.13 plus 1.04, or 2.17 tonnes for the wire rope machine. Chain still wins, by 29 percent rather than by 51 percent. If you were buying on delivery carbon alone you would overstate the benefit.
The hoist. Almost always the hoist.
The FEM selection rules for hoists are built on a 10 year calculation basis: the duty group, the load spectrum and the daily operating time all combine to size a machine whose design life is ten years. The crane structure is a different calculation entirely. ISO 12482-2014 requires the design working period to be calculated for both structures and machinery, and requires it to be reassessed at inspections no more than 12 months apart, because structures consume life in work cycles and machinery consumes life in running hours. A bridge commonly reaches 25 to 50 years. A hoist reaches ten, then gets swapped.
Konecranes makes a useful point in their design life paper: at half the rated load, a cycle consumes about 0.125 of the life it would consume at full load. So a hoist that spends most of its time lifting 2 tonnes of a 5 tonne rating will last well past ten years. The ten year figure is a planning basis for the group calculation, not a countdown timer. But on real A5 and A6 duty, hoists do get replaced two or three times over the life of the bridge, and that is where the carbon arithmetic changes shape.
| 30 year view, 5 t crane at 16.5 m span | Wire rope hoist | Chain hoist |
|---|---|---|
| Bridge and end carriages | 5.35 t | 5.35 t |
| First hoist | 1.13 t | 0.55 t |
| Two replacement hoists | 2.26 t | 1.10 t |
| Consumables, 30 years | 1.56 t | 1.48 t |
| Total | 10.30 t | 8.48 t |
| Hoist related share of total | 48% | 37% |
| Hoist share of delivered mass | 14% | 7% |
Read the last two rows together. The hoist is 14 percent of the steel that arrives on site and 48 percent of the embodied carbon over 30 years. That is the whole argument of this article in one comparison. Whatever you do about coatings, paint systems or recycled content in the bridge plate, the replacement cycle of the lifting machine dominates the long run.
The bridge figure comes from our own take-off for a 5 tonne, 16.5 metre single girder unit at roughly 2,600 kilograms, with steel equivalent at 88 percent of machine mass, which is the same method we publish in the single girder range documentation. Swap in your own bridge mass and the ratio moves, but not much.
Not as much, but far more than most people assume. In the material split above, copper is 8 percent of the mass and 12 percent of the carbon. On a 5 tonne wire rope hoist that is around 34 kilograms of copper, and copper sits between 1.1 and 8.5 kilograms of CO2e per kilogram depending on route and grade. I use 4 as a planning value, which is defensible for mixed European supply and generous for recycled material.
This is the honest limit of hoist efficiency upgrades. Moving a 22 kW motor from IE3 to IE4 improves efficiency from 93.0 to 94.5 percent, half a point better than the headline figure of 1.5 percentage points once you account for the fact that the hoist does not run at rated load. On 2,000 hours a year that is about 440 kilowatt hours, or 0.09 tonnes of CO2e on a European grid. The extra copper and the longer motor needed to reach IE4 add roughly 10 to 20 kilograms of material, which is 40 to 80 kilograms of CO2e. So the carbon payback is five to ten years on a machine whose design life is ten years. Buying IE4 for the carbon does not work. Buying it because the motor runs cooler and the brake lasts longer might.
Below-the-hook equipment is where accessory carbon hides, because it is bought on a different purchase order by a different person and never counted with the crane. It also has a second cost that has nothing to do with carbon: every kilogram of tare is a kilogram of capacity you cannot use.
| Device | Typical mass | t CO2e | Capacity it takes from a 5 t hoist |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hook block, 5 t | 30 kg | 0.08 | 0.6% |
| Lifting beam, 5 t, 2 m | 200 kg | 0.53 | 4% |
| Spreader beam, 20 t, 6 m | 1,100 kg | 2.89 | 5.5% of a 20 t rating |
| Vacuum lifter, glass | 500 kg | 1.32 | 10% |
| Magnetic lifter, 3 t | 750 kg | 1.97 | 15% of a 5 t rating |
| Chain sling, 4 leg, 5 t | 25 kg | 0.06 | 0.5% |
A single 3 tonne magnetic lifter carries 1.97 tonnes of CO2e, which is 3.6 times the entire 5 tonne chain hoist that holds it. That is not an argument against magnets. It is an argument for not spending two weeks choosing between hoist suppliers and then buying whatever lifter is on the shelf.
Two honest corrections before this gets repeated as a rule. First, the tare almost never matters for energy. Lifting an extra 400 kilograms six metres, 20,000 times a year, at 85 percent drivetrain efficiency, comes to about 154 kilowatt hours a year. That is a rounding error on the electricity bill. The tare matters for capacity and for the beam size, not for the meter. Second, these masses are typical catalogue ranges rather than published figures, so treat the table as planning data, not as a specification.
If the hoist and the below-the-hook device are being bought together, it is worth specifying them together. Our hoist and accessory range is quoted as a package for exactly this reason: the tare has to be known before the capacity is fixed.
Four documents do most of the work. None of them mention carbon, and all of them decide the replacement schedule that produces the carbon.
| Document | What it governs | Practical consequence |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 4309:2017 | Rope care, inspection, discard | 12 to 24 month rope life at A5-A6, 6 to 12 at A7-A8 |
| ISO 12482-2014 | Design working period | DWP reassessment at inspections no more than 12 months apart |
| FEM 1.001 and ISO 4301 | Hoist group classification | Calculation basis is a 10 year machine life |
| ASME B30.16 | Hoist brakes and limits | Brake holds at least 125% of rated load; lowering speed limited |
| OSHA 29 CFR 1910.179(k) | Upper limit switch | Tested with an empty hook at increasing speed, every shift |
| EN 818-7 | Load chain grades | DAT and DT chain, not commercial chain |
The OSHA limit switch rule is worth quoting because a hoist owner can check it in two minutes. The switch has to be tested with an empty hook, raising the block at increasing speed up to maximum, and it has to trip before the hook block reaches the trolley under any condition. If nobody has tested it this month, the switch is a belief rather than a device.
This is the part of the topic that surprises people who have read the regulation quickly. A complete hoist is HS 8425, pulley tackle and hoists, and 8425 is not in Annex I of Regulation (EU) 2023/956. Nor, it turns out, are the two components that actually hold the load.
Annex I lists all of Chapter 72 and selected headings in Chapter 73: 7301, 7302, 7303, 7304, 7305, 7306, 7307, 7308, 7309, 7310, 7311, 7318 and 7326. It does not list 7312 to 7317, which covers stranded wire, ropes and cables, barbed wire, chain and parts of chain, and nails. It does not list 7319 to 7325 either. I checked this a second way: the UK published its own CBAM default values on 16 October 2026, and that table contains 478 iron and steel CN codes with a numeric default. It has rows for 7318 and 7308 and 7326. It has no row for 7312. It has no row for 7315.
| Component | CN or HS code | CBAM good? | Default value, tCO2e/t |
|---|---|---|---|
| Complete electric hoist | 8425 11 00 | No | not applicable |
| Load chain and parts | 7315 | No | not listed |
| Wire rope and cables | 7312 10 | No | not listed |
| Hexagon bolts and screws | 7318 15 88 | Yes | 6.077 |
| Nuts over 12 mm bore | 7318 16 99 | Yes | 4.890 |
| Washers | 7318 22 00 | Yes | 4.973 |
| Brackets and structures | 7308 90 98 | Yes | 6.374 |
| Other articles of iron or steel | 7326 90 98 | Yes | 3.439 |
So the picture is upside down. The rope and the chain, which are the only parts of the assembly that touch the load, carry no CBAM obligation at all. The fasteners that hold the hoist to the beam do, and their default value is high: 6.077 tonnes of CO2e per tonne of bolts, which is 2.6 times the carbon intensity of the steel they are made from, because Annex I defaults include the forming and the scrap allowance rather than the crude steel alone.
The 50 tonne threshold is measured across all CBAM goods an importer brings in during a calendar year, not per consignment. An accessory order of 5 tonnes of bolts and brackets will not cross it. A distributor moving 300 sets of runway brackets at 200 kilograms each is moving 60 tonnes, and 60 tonnes at 6.374 and the third quarter 2026 certificate price of 82.32 euros comes to roughly 31,400 euros of gross exposure before any free allocation. The certificate prices for 2026 were 75.36 euros in the first quarter, 75.28 in the second and 82.32 in the third, published quarterly and moving to weekly publication from 2027.
One more point that buyers get wrong. Splitting a crane into loose components to change the customs entry does not work. General Interpretative Rule 2(a) puts unassembled goods that only need bolting, riveting or welding back under the heading of the complete machine, and the Court of Justice confirmed that reading in Case C-107/22 in April 2023. Dismantling changes the freight, not the classification. Buying the runway brackets separately from a local fabricator is a different matter, and that is a genuine Chapter 73 transaction.
Because the European Union has had anti-dumping duties on Chinese steel wire ropes since the 1990s, and the most recent expiry review kept them. Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1666 of 6 June 2024 imposes a definitive duty of 60.4 percent on steel ropes and cables from China, under CN codes ex 7312 10 81, 83, 85, 89 and 98, extended to goods consigned from Morocco and Korea. The duty applies at the border on the CIF value.
Here is the asymmetry that catches people. A hoist arriving as a complete machine enters under 8425, and the anti-dumping measure is on 7312. A replacement rope bought on its own enters under 7312 and pays 60.4 percent. The rope that ships fitted to the hoist does not carry the duty, so the tariff lands on the aftermarket, which is exactly where the spare parts schedule above says a 5 tonne machine spends 260 kilograms of rope over 20 years.
Chain is not covered by that measure. So the cheap-to-buy, light-to-ship chain hoist is also the one whose consumable is not exposed to a 60 percent border charge. That is a supply chain argument, and it is worth more to a European importer than the delivery carbon difference.
Ranked by tonnes saved per unit of effort, on the 5 tonne crane and 30 year horizon used above. The last row is a counter-example, because a list like this is only useful if it says what not to bother with.
| Decision | Tonnes CO2e saved | Cost or effort |
|---|---|---|
| Choose chain over wire rope at 5 t and below | 1.7 over 30 years | Usually cheaper to buy |
| Size the hoist to the real load, not the maximum | 0.5 to 1.0 | One honest load survey |
| Keep lift height at the process minimum | 0.1 to 0.3 | Engineering time only |
| Buy the rope from a non-duty origin or hold stock | No carbon, 60.4% of invoice | Sourcing decision |
| Specify the lifter with the hoist, not after | Avoids 0.5 to 2.9 of unwanted tare | One line in the RFQ |
| Buy EAF steel where the mill will certify it | Up to 1.1 on the first hoist | Premium of 3 to 10% on steel |
| Upgrade the hoist motor to IE4 to save carbon | Negative for the first 5 to 10 years | Not worth doing for carbon |
One thing missing from that table is worth stating plainly. None of these decisions is bigger than the replacement cycle itself. Three hoists instead of two saves more carbon than every material choice on the page combined, and the way to get three hoists instead of four is to record running hours and load spectrum from day one. Most sites cannot say what their hoist actually lifts. Without that number, the duty class is a guess and the replacement interval is a date on the wall.
Ten lines, in the order that matters. Every one of them changes the carbon number, and every one of them is normally absent from a Chinese or European quotation alike.
1. Rated capacity, and the heaviest load actually lifted in the last twelve months.
2. Duty class as FEM group and ISO 4301 group, with the load spectrum used to derive it.
3. Lift height from hook to floor with the hook at its highest, and the headroom available above the beam.
4. Lifting medium, chain grade to EN 818-7 or rope construction to ISO 2408, with diameter and falls.
5. Hoist mass in kilograms, and the mass of the trolley separately.
6. Material declaration: steel route, copper mass, aluminium mass, and whether an environmental product declaration exists for the model.
7. Rope or chain replacement interval at the stated duty class, and the discard criteria the supplier expects you to apply.
8. Below-the-hook device mass, and the resulting net capacity.
9. CN code for the hoist and for every accessory shipped loose, so the broker is not guessing at 7318 versus 7308.
10. Whether the replacement rope or chain is subject to anti-dumping duty, and from which origin it can be sourced.
Line six is the one that gets the blank look. It is also the one that lets you answer a customer's carbon questionnaire without a week of email. Ask for it before the purchase order, not after.
At delivery, no. On a 5 tonne single girder crane the hoist is about 14 percent of the steel that arrives. Over 30 years it is close to half the embodied carbon, because the bridge is bought once and the hoist is bought three times, with consumables in between. Both statements are true and they answer different questions, which is why tender documents manage to be wrong in both directions.
At equal capacity and short lift, yes, by a wide margin at delivery: 209 kilograms against 428 for a 5 tonne unit, so 0.55 tonnes of CO2e against 1.13. Over 20 years the gap narrows to about 29 percent, because the chain is a third of the chain hoist's mass and gets replaced three times. Above 6 metres of lift and above 10 tonnes, the rope hoist is the right machine and the mass difference stops being a decision you control.
Not to the hoist, and not to the rope or the chain. HS 8425, CN 7312 and CN 7315 all sit outside Annex I of Regulation (EU) 2023/956. Bolts and nuts under 7318, washers under 7318 22 00, brackets under 7308 and general steel articles under 7326 are inside, with default values between 3.2 and 6.4 tonnes of CO2e per tonne. A single accessory order rarely crosses the 50 tonne annual threshold; a programme of runway brackets can. Our hoist range is shipped with a CN schedule for this reason.
Plan on 12 to 24 months at A5 and A6 duty and 6 to 12 months at A7 and A8, then let ISO 4309:2017 decide. The standard sets discard numbers on broken wires over a lay length, diameter reduction, corrosion and deformation, and those numbers depend on the rope construction, so the crane manual governs rather than a general rule. Nobody replaces a rope on a calendar. The calendar is just how you budget for it.
That the group classification for a hoist is calculated on a design life of ten years, given a stated load spectrum and daily operating time. It is a sizing convention, not an expiry date. A hoist that lifts well below its rating consumes life slowly, and Konecranes puts the factor at about 0.125 of normal life consumption per cycle at half load. The practical result is still two or three hoists over the life of a bridge, and that is what drives the long term carbon.
No, and the effect is measurable. Chain hoists go from 90 kilograms per tonne of capacity at half a tonne down to 42 at five tonnes, so uprating costs carbon in proportion. Buying a 5 tonne hoist for a 2 tonne load adds roughly half a tonne of CO2e at delivery and about 0.15 tonnes a year in the extra mass you accelerate and decelerate. The right answer is the smallest standard unit that covers the real load spectrum with the duty class you need, and that is a load survey rather than a purchasing decision.
Related articles:
Combination Crane Track Carbon: Why the Lightest System Carries the Most
Gantry Crane Runway Carbon: What Two Rails Cost Before the Crane Arrives
Jib Crane Foundation Carbon: What the Concrete Block Weighs Before the Crane Arrives
Hoist Installation: Trolley Fit-Up, Reeving and the First Load Test
Hoist Cost and Total Cost of Ownership: What 0.125 to 100 Tonnes Really Costs
Hoists and Accessories: Electric Chain and Wire Rope, 0.125 to 100 Tonne